the way of confucius Essay -- essays research papers

Confucius is one of the most famous of the ancient Chinese philosophers. Confucius lived from 551 to 479 BC. He believed that Chinese culture had peaked during the height of the Zhou dynasty. During their reign, the Zhou rulers adhered to a set of practices elevatered to as the li, also called rites or rituals. These rites governed all aspects of Chinese culture. The rites told everything, from the bureau huge political ceremonies should be conducted, to what is the proper way to respond to the receiving of a gift.During Confucius life, the role of the Zhou kings was reduced to mere figureheads and valety of the rites had been lost, forgotten, or reduced to a lesser role. Confucius decided that he was to revive the practice of the rites and show others back to the way of the dao, or the way of heaven. In an effort to accomplish this, Confucius would non only strive to strictly follow the rites himself, he would dedicate his life to teaching and spreading them to others as well.T he teachings of Confucius cover a wide variety of topics, as they were meant to govern all aspects of ones life. Some of the most key aspects of the rites taught by Confucius regard family relations, desirable traits of character, proper ways of governing, and aspects of ren or true humaneness or humanity. While some of his teachings are ideas specific to his time and culture, much(prenominal) as the proper colors to be worn by nobility, other teachings such as family relations and virtue of character are just as valuable to todays society as it was for his own. One of the most important aspects of life for Confucius was family life and relationships. Many of his teachings are therefore related to such topics. The main points of Confucius teaching regarding family life have to do with filial obligations and respect among the family. He had become disheartened by the current state of family affairs as can be seen in Book 2.4 where he states nowadays, filial is used to refer to anyo ne who is merely able to provide their parents with nourishment. But even dogs and horses are provided with nourishment. If you do not treat your parents with reverence, wherein lies the difference (Ivanhoe, 5). Confucius believed that respect and reverence were the foundation of the family bonds and what separated tribe from the animals.Confucius believed the only cor... ...ims with the proper corresponding actions.Confucius also makes clear the distinction between a piece and a petty man. He gives examples such as in Book 4.16 when he states that a gentleman acts a certain way because he understands what the right thing to do is, where as a petty man acts a certain way only because it is to his advantage to do so. In Book 15.2 Confucius states that in times of hardship, such as a shortage of sustenance or water, the gentleman remains firm and levelheaded, while the petty man becomes overwhelmed by the situation and acts improperly. He also states that in terms of everyday affa irs, the gentleman is relaxed and at ease, while the petty man is anxious and full of worry (Ivanhoe, 23).As can be seen, Confucius was an extremely wise man. His appreciation for the past spurred the increment of his teachings that have stood the test of time. While his work was intended to guide the masses of his day back to the glory that was once the Zhou dynasty, he instead managed to get to a set of rites and teachings about the importance of family relations and strength of character that can be applied and appreciated as much today as they were over 2000 years ago.

Im Not Really Like That, Am I? :: Men Women Female Male Macho Essays

Im Not Really Like That, Am I?Once upon a time . . . Who am I kidding? It was yesterday. I was reading the article Ill Explain It to You, by Deborah Tannen. Now Im a male and Ill have to admit, I feel desire Ive been persecuted. She claims custody can be macho, dominating, and self-centered with a woman during a conversation. I feel this is a horrible stereotype to distribute us. We dont really modus operandi like that. To prove my point Ill use a conversation I had with three other people two girls and another guy. Now this conversation allow clearly prove that we (men) arent how Tannen describes us in her article.Before I describe the conversation, I should begin by talking about some of the situations that led up to it. For instance, I came up to the group of people wanting to speak to my friend. He wasnt doing much of anything, besides sitting on a couch. So I sat down beside him and I started to have a conversation with him. Now I noticed that the two girls, who were sittin g on the couch beside him, were attractive so I began to speak a little more openly. This encouraged the girls to join in (my plan was just starting). They became interested in what we were talking about and began to give their opinions on what we were discussing, which leads into the discussion . . .The topic of this conversation was relationships. When the girls became interested they asked, What are you guys talking about? My friend answered, Women, and how they play with our minds. Now see, two guys can have a perfectly meaningful conversation withoutdegrading anyone. Of course, I then asked one of them if she would like to play with my mind, but that just got us off track of the conversation. Oh, no I just proved one of Tannens points by making a joke. Not only a senseless joke, but a macho joke.Tannen claims that men tend to tell more jokes than women during conversation. According to the article, telling jokes can be a way of negotiating status (266). The article also claims that because women do not business organization if they hold center stage in a group, they are less likely to use jokes as a form of getting their audiences attention. So, I try by telling my flirtatious joke, I demonstrated how men like to hold control of a conversation.

The spread and localization of Buddhism and Islam into Southeast Asia E

The spread of religion first began through contact with neighbouring countries which gradually expand passim the years. Buddhism and Islam are one of the most widespread religions across Southeast Asian countries like Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. Trade merchants and lofty support of the religion played as major(ip) factors which facilitated and localised the spread of Buddhism and Islam within various countries. However, there were limitations present which hindered the development of each religion in Southeast Asia as introduction of newer religions and changes within imperial power which would have affected their progression to become fully localised pre-1800s. After the death of Buddha around the 5th century, divisions within the religion began to grow collect to differences in the interpretation of Buddhas educational activity thus resulted in Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism (Bowker 2007, 140-141). Till this day, Theravada Buddhism pers ists predominant in Southeast Asia. Theravada Buddhism focuses their beliefs on the personal liberation whilst Mahayana Buddhism regards itself on the teaching of compassion for every living being (Berzin 2010). The spread of Buddhism, mainly Theravada, first began around early 3rd century BCE when Buddhist emissaries were sent to Indonesia and Burma by Indian emperor Asoka (Gosling 2002, 84-85). During and after his reign, his constant advocacy had sustained the faiths position throughout Southeast Asia, influencing his children to introduce Buddhism into Sri Lanka during the first and second century CE (Gosling 2002, 82) which spread across to Cambodia, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam (Swearer 1997, 90). This was further developed due to the mass influx of Indian merc... ...ry CE when Muslim merchants, accompanied by missionary Sufis, from India and Arabia arrived through the Indian Ocean trade route for business (Johnston 2002, 291). However, it wasnt until the 13th century when Isla m began to spread across Southeast Asia from Sumatra through to Java until reaching Borneo and Philippines in the sixteenth century (Houben 2003, 153). Trade was not the only purpose indicated from Muslim merchants as Sufis brought about the localization of Islamic organisations for Islamic teachings which would appeal to locals and their rulers for valuable networks (Johnston 2002, 291). This presence of Islam was enter by Moroccan traveller Marco Polo in the late 13th century which indicated the advancement of Islam localisation where citizens of Perlak, Sumatra and the Pasai king, Sultan Al-Malikus Saleh were already converted as Muslims (Mutalib 2008).

History of Computers :: essays research papers

History of the ComputerThe ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first large-scale, computer. The ENIAC was built for the military to calculate the paths of artillery shells. ulterior on it was used to make calculation for nuclear weapons research, weather predictions, and wind tunnel design. The ENIAC was brought in to use inn February of 1946 and was used unit October 1955 (Encarta).The creators of the ENIAC were American physicist tooshie W. Mauchly and American Electrical engineer John Persper Eckert, Jr. at Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. Eckert and Mauchly demonstrated the ENIAC less than three years by and by the Army commissioned its construction. In 1947 the ENIAC moved from the University of Pennsylvania to its permanent home at the Aberdeen Proving ground in Maryland. Only one system of its type was perpetually built, but operated continuously until October 1955 (Encarta).The ENIAC was very different than modern day computers, which use microprocessors composed of thousands or millions of transistors the ENIAC used vacuum tubes to process data. It had approximately 18,000 vacuum tubes, which were close to the size of a small light bulb. The ENIAC was composed of 30 separate units with power supplies and cooling units all together the whole unit weighed more than 30 tons, and took up 1800 sq. ft. and consumed 175Kw of power.2The ENIAC could perform about 5000 calculations per second, more than 10,000 times slower that most modern day computers. The ENIAC took about 20 seconds to calculate problems that took humans ii to three days to do manually. Initially, scientists programmed and entered data into ENIAC by manually setting switches and rewiring the machine. Later a more efficient IBM punch-card reading machine was used to stimulant data, while another IBM punch card machine was used to store data. When the ENIAC completed a calculation, it would notify operators by turning on a succession of lights or punching certain sequences of cards.The ENIAC was designed to calculate continuously all day and all night. However its circuitry and vast number of vacuum tubes tended to burn out, the ENIAC was continuously rout to be serviced, which caused the ENIAC to be down one third of the that is could be working. As soon as Eckert and Mauchly completed the ENIACs design, the signed a contract to pee a successor, which was called the EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer), this more efficient design reduced the number of vacuum tubes down to only 4000.

Analysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky :: Women Hold Sky Papers

Analysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky The essay Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky - Notes for a Revised History of engineering science was written by Autumn Stanley in 1983. She begins with a fewer quotes, which be extremes in sexist views on history and technology. She then states the purpose of her article. The purpose is to calculate what this revised history would look like. She makes the claim that the very interpretation of technology would change , from what men do to what people do. By doing this, she makes the loose assumption that the absolute majority of people define technology as what men do. In no way does she back up this definition youd be hard-pressed to break it in a dictionary. While I understand that the precedent has the right to define certain terms for the purposes of her article, she should base these in reality, using outside sources. This broad assumption is problematic from the very beginning, meaning that there are p roblems throughout the article whenever this assumption is implied. She does this several times throughout the article, stating her own definition, and assuming that the ref shares it, or doesnt want to think about it enough to disagree, as they are often extremist or full of holes. She states that the definition of significant technology would as well as change. Once again, there is the problem of her broad brush strokes in saying what the accepted definition of technology is. Although she never explicitly says these definitions are accepted, in the mise en scene of a sociological critique, it is implied. Apparently, significant technology of today focuses on war and machinery, while it should focus on medicine, advances in food science, child care, and environmentally-friendly technologies. When the author says this, she is ignoring grand amounts of technology. While in 1983 computer technology was not most what it was today, the fact that she completely leaves it out because it doesnt answer with child-rearing left a bad taste in my mouth. In addition to that, these days it most certainly does help with all the things she listed. She only skims the surface of the technologies how can one talk about food preservatives without talk about war (MREs - Meals Ready to Eat) or industry (canning and processing, for example.Analysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky Women Hold Sky PapersAnalysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky The essay Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky - Notes for a Revised History of Technology was written by Autumn Stanley in 1983. She begins with a few quotes, which are extremes in sexist views on history and technology. She then states the purpose of her article. The purpose is to imagine what this revised history would look like. She makes the claim that the very definition of technology would change , from what men do to what people do. By doing this, she makes the broad assumption that t he majority of people define technology as what men do. In no way does she back up this definition youd be hard-pressed to find it in a dictionary. While I understand that the author has the right to define certain terms for the purposes of her article, she should base these in reality, using outside sources. This broad assumption is problematic from the very beginning, meaning that there are problems throughout the article whenever this assumption is implied. She does this several times throughout the article, stating her own definition, and assuming that the reader shares it, or doesnt want to think about it enough to disagree, as they are often extremist or full of holes. She states that the definition of significant technology would also change. Once again, there is the problem of her broad brush strokes in saying what the accepted definition of technology is. Although she never explicitly says these definitions are accepted, in the context of a sociological critiq ue, it is implied. Apparently, significant technology of today focuses on war and machinery, while it should focus on medicine, advances in food science, child care, and environmentally-friendly technologies. When the author says this, she is ignoring massive amounts of technology. While in 1983 computer technology was not nearly what it was today, the fact that she completely leaves it out because it doesnt help with child-rearing left a bad taste in my mouth. In addition to that, these days it most certainly does help with all the things she listed. She only skims the surface of the technologies how can one talk about food preservatives without talking about war (MREs - Meals Ready to Eat) or industry (canning and processing, for example.

Analysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky :: Women Hold Sky Papers

Analysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky The examine Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky - Notes for a Revised History of Technology was written by Autumn Stanley in 1983. She begins with a few quotes, which are extremes in sexist views on history and technology. She then states the purpose of her hold. The purpose is to imagine what this revised history would look like. She makes the claim that the very definition of technology would swap , from what men do to what people do. By doing this, she makes the broad assumption that the majority of people check technology as what men do. In no way does she back up this definition youd be hard-pressed to find it in a dictionary. While I understand that the author has the right to describe certain terms for the purposes of her article, she should base these in reality, using outside sources. This broad assumption is hard from the very beginning, meaning that there are problems throughout the article whenever this assumption is implied. She does this several times throughout the article, stating her own definition, and assuming that the reader shares it, or doesnt command to think about it enough to disagree, as they are oftentimes extremist or full of holes. She states that the definition of significant technology would also change. Once again, there is the problem of her broad brush strokes in saying what the recognised definition of technology is. Although she never explicitly says these definitions are accepted, in the context of a sociological critique, it is implied. Apparently, significant technology of today focuses on fight and machinery, time it should focus on medicine, advances in food science, child care, and environmentally-friendly technologies. When the author says this, she is ignoring massive amounts of technology. While in 1983 computer technology was not nearly what it was today, the fact that she all told leaves it out because it doesnt help with child-rearing left a bad taste in my mouth. In step-up to that, these days it most certainly does help with all the things she listed. She that skims the surface of the technologies how can one talk about food preservatives without talking about war (MREs - Meals Ready to Eat) or industry (canning and processing, for example.Analysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky Women Hold Sky PapersAnalysis of Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky The essay Women Hold Up Two-Thirds of the Sky - Notes for a Revised History of Technology was written by Autumn Stanley in 1983. She begins with a few quotes, which are extremes in sexist views on history and technology. She then states the purpose of her article. The purpose is to imagine what this revised history would look like. She makes the claim that the very definition of technology would change , from what men do to what people do. By doing this, she makes the broad assumption that the majority of people define techno logy as what men do. In no way does she back up this definition youd be hard-pressed to find it in a dictionary. While I understand that the author has the right to define certain terms for the purposes of her article, she should base these in reality, using outside sources. This broad assumption is problematic from the very beginning, meaning that there are problems throughout the article whenever this assumption is implied. She does this several times throughout the article, stating her own definition, and assuming that the reader shares it, or doesnt want to think about it enough to disagree, as they are often extremist or full of holes. She states that the definition of significant technology would also change. Once again, there is the problem of her broad brush strokes in saying what the accepted definition of technology is. Although she never explicitly says these definitions are accepted, in the context of a sociological critique, it is implied. Apparently, si gnificant technology of today focuses on war and machinery, while it should focus on medicine, advances in food science, child care, and environmentally-friendly technologies. When the author says this, she is ignoring massive amounts of technology. While in 1983 computer technology was not nearly what it was today, the fact that she completely leaves it out because it doesnt help with child-rearing left a bad taste in my mouth. In addition to that, these days it most certainly does help with all the things she listed. She only skims the surface of the technologies how can one talk about food preservatives without talking about war (MREs - Meals Ready to Eat) or industry (canning and processing, for example.

Profit Maximization

Firms are in business for a simple reason To snitch m superstary. traditionalistic economic theory suggests that firms make their decisions on supply and output on the basis of meshwork maximisation. However many an(prenominal) Economists and managerial Scientists in our days examination that the sole aim of a firm is the maximisation of profits. The most serious critique on the theory of the firm comes from those who question whether firms even make an suit to maximise their profits. A firm (especially a large corporation) is not a single decision-maker nevertheless a collection of people within it.This implies that in guild to understand the decision-making process within firms, we have to analyse who controls the firm and what their interests are. The fact that most large companies are not run by the their owners is often brought forrard to support this claim. A large corporation typically is owned by thousands of shareholders, most of whom have nothing to do with the busi ness decisions. Those decisions are made by a professional management team, appointed by a salaried board of directors.In most cases these managers pass on not own stock in the company which may lead to strongly differing finishs of owners and managers. Since ownership gives a person a claim on the profit of the firm, the greater the firms profit, the high the owners income. Hence the owners goal will be profit maximisation. When managers salary stays unaffected by higher profits they may pursue other goals to raise their personal utility. This demeanor strikes the critical observer regularly when for lawsuit reading or watching the financial media.Managers there often rather mention the rises in sales or the growth of their company rather then the profits. Some economists like Begg (1996) argued that managers have an incentive to promote growth as managers of larger companies usually get higher salaries. Others like Williamson (1964) suggested that managers derive further util ity from perquisites such as big offices, many subordinate workers, company cars etc. Fanning (1990) gives a rather bizarre example When WPP Group PLC took over the J. Walter Thompson Company, they found that the firm was spending $80,000 p. . to have a butler deliver a peeled orange every morning to one of their executives.An unnecessary cost clearly from the perspective of the company owners. But often it becomes difficult to identify and separate this amenity maximisation from profit maximisation. A collective jet for example could be either justified as a profit exploit response to the high opportunity cost of a run executive or an expensive and costly executive status symbol. Baumol (1967) hypothesised that managers often attach their personal prestige to the companys revenue or sales.A prestige tap manager therefore would rather attempt to maximise the firms total revenue then their profits. Figure 1 illustrates how the output choices of revenue- and profit maximising mana gers differ. The figure plots the marginal revenue and marginal cost lifts. Total Revenue peaks at x r , which is the quantity at which the marginal revenue curve crosses the horizontal axis. Any quantity below x r , marginal revenue will be positive and the total revenue curve will rise as output goes up.Hence a revenue-maximising manager would continue to produce additional output regardless of its effects on cost. Given this reading one might ask why the owners dont intervene when their appointed managers dont direct their actions in the interest of the owners, by maximising profits. First of all, the owners will not have the same access to information as the managers do. Where Information relates to professional skills of Business administration as well as those of the firms inner structure and its market enviroment.Furthermore, when confronted with the owners demands for profit maximising policies, a clever manager can always argue that her engagement in activities, like a da maging price war or an expensive advertising campaign serve the long-run prospect of high profits. This excuse is very difficult to repugn until it is too late. Another aspect is that managers aiming to maximise growth of their company (expecting higher salaries, occasion, prestige, etc. ) often operate with a profit backwardness. A profit constraint is the minimum direct of profit needed to keep the shareholders happy.The effects of such a profit constraint are illustrated in Figure2. Figure2 shows a total profit curve (T? ). T? is derived from the difference between TR and TC at each output level. If the minimum acceptable level of profit is ? , any output greater then Q3 will result in a profit below ?. Thus a sales-maximising manager will opt for Q3 which gives the highest level of sales at the minimum attainable profit. This however would not be the profit maximising option. In order to maximise profits the manager would have to chose an output level that creates Q2, where profits are highest but sales lower then in Q3.So given this conflict of interests between the owners and the managers of a firm? What are the possible solutions available to the owners, to make their agents work in their interest? It is often suggested that an effective way to control the managers behaviour and bring it in line with the owners interests, is to make the managers owners themselves by giving them a share in the company. However, research by De Meza & Lockwood (1998) suggests that even with the managers owning assets, their achievement does not necessarily become more profit raising.Rajan & Zingales (1998) assessed the impact of power and access to it on the behaviour and performance of managers. Their findings suggest that the power gained by access to critical resources is more contingent than ownership on managers or agents to make the right investment and decisions then ownership. They also report adverse effects of ownership on the incentive to specialise. Other ways to control managers include performance based pay, which can prove to be effective in the short-run but again, the long-run perspective of the firm may suffer, when managers neglect crucial semipermanent investments into Research and Development, restructuring, equipment or advertising to raise short-run profits and hence their own salaries. In conclusion it is important to note that profit maximisation fails to pose a general validity when applied as a theory of firm-behaviour. The real world businesses often operate on a multi-dimensional basis with many confronting interests and aims. As well as differing short-run and long run aims. Therefore profit-maximisation should be regarded as one possible goal of a firm but not necessarily its sole one.There is also a difference to be noted between the size of firms. A small family-run business for pattern can easily adopt a pure profit-maximising approach, since the utility of its owners equals that of the labour-force and the m anagement. In this setting, the income will equal profit. Therefore it is imperative to assess and develop a theory of firm behaviour on the different classes of firms with a perspective to their individual differences in management, ownership and market enviroment.

Abstract Art

Abstract art uses a visual language of form, color and line to create a composition which may survive with a degree of independence from visual references in the world. Western art had been, from the Renaissance up to the middle of the nineteenth century, underpinned by the logic of perspective and an taste to reproduce an illusion of visible reality. The arts of cultures other than the European had become accessible and showed alternative ways of describing visual experience to the artist.By the end of the 19th century many artists felt a need to create a new kind of art which would encompass the fundamental changes taking place in technology, science and philosophy. The sources from which individual artists drew their theoretical arguments were diverse, and reflected the social and intellectual preoccupations in all aras of Western culture at that time. Abstract art, nonfigurative art, nonobjective art, and generalisationist art are loosely related terms. They are similar, alth ough perhaps not of identical meaning.Abstraction indicates a departure from reality in depiction of resourcefulness in art. This departure from accurate representation can be only slight, or it can be partial, or it can be complete. Abstraction exists along a continuum. Even art that aims for verisimilitude of the highest degree can be said to be abstract, at least theoretically, since perfect representation is likely to be highly elusive. Artwork which takes liberties, altering for instance color and form in ways that are conspicuous, can be said to be partially abstract. Total abstraction bears no trace of any reference to anything recognizable.In geometric abstraction, for instance, one is unlikely to find references to naturalistic entities. Figurative art and total abstraction are almost mutually exclusive. But figurative and representational (or realistic) art much contains partial abstraction. Both geometric abstraction and lyrical abstraction are often totally abstract. A mong the very numerous art movements that embody partial abstraction would be for instance fauvism in which color is conspicuously and deliberately altered twin reality, and cubism, which blatantly alters the forms of the real life entities depicted.

Daily Routines

Your Daily R push throughines Then and Now Day Before College After College sunlight My everyday role before college on a Sunday was to attend church service and was to decide what our Sunday dinner plans were. My passing(a) subprogram immediately that I am enrolled in college on a Sunday atomic number 18 to attend church service, decide what our Sunday dinner plans are, and to make sure that alone of my assignments and discussion questions are submitted, and all participation posts are utter(a)d for the week. . Monday My daily round before college on Mondays were to go to regulate and come substructure to surveil my favorite TV shows to wind down from my day. My daily r prohibitedine now that I am enrolled in college on a Monday is to go to work try out to complete a participation post or a discussion question during my lunch break, and then come home and make dinner turn studying. Tuesday My daily routine before college on Tuesdays were to go to work and come home to watch my favorite TV shows to wind down from my day. My daily routine now that I am enrolled in college on a Tuesday is to go to work try to complete a participation post or a discussion question during my lunch break, and then come home and make dinner while studying. Wednesday My daily routine before college on Wednesdays go to work and come home to watch my favorite TV shows to wind down from my day. My daily routine now that I am enrolled in college on a Wednesday is to go to work try to complete a participation post or a discussion question during my lunch break, and then come home and make dinner while studying. Thursday My daily routine before college on Thursdays were go to work and come home to watch my favorite TV shows to wind down from my day. My daily routine now that I am enrolled in college on a Thursday is to go to work try to complete a participation post or a discussion question during my lunch break, and then come home and make dinner while studying. Friday My daily routine before college on Fridays were go to work and come and decide what our weekend plans were with our friends are and maybe have a date night. My daily routine now that I am enrolled in college on a Friday is to go to work try to complete a participation post or a discussion question during my lunch break, and then come home to spend cartridge clip with my husband. Saturday My daily routine before college on a Saturday was to sleep in late, make a nice lunch fore my husband and then go out with friends and enjoy each others company later that night. My daily routine now that I am enrolled in college on a Saturay is to wake up a bit earlier than usual to try to complete a participation post or a discussion question before cleaning my house and going out with friends. What are the major differences in your daily routine now that you are in school?The major differnces that I see now that I am back in school are that I have a more structured schedule and am able to fo cus on completeing assignments before doing special(a)curicular activities. Have you included enough time into your schedule for academics? What information in the chart demonstrates evidence to support your answer? I have included enought time into my schedule for academics by cutting out alot of television watching and minimizing the activites I do with friends prior to completeing my class work.The information on the chart that demonstrates evidence of this is there not being any extra activites or television watching during the week or prior to completeing assignments. Do you have an effective balance in the use of your time and your priorities? Why or why not? I do feel that I have an effective balance in the use of my time and my priorities by my cutting out the things that will not assist me in acgieving my goal of and education and earning my diploma.I have substituted watching television by watching the web tutorials. What are whatever time management strategies you have learned this week that you can implement to make your daily routine effective? A time management outline I have learned this week is to learn to comprimise with myself I have to buckle down and do my works on certain days so that I can reward myself and be afforded the time for fun activities on other days when my classwork has been completed.

Slip or Trip Essay

On August 13, 2013, at approximately 137 A. M. , Sparks police section received a call that an accidental death has occurred. Queenie Volupides, the wife of the deceased Arthur Volupides, claims that her husband slipped and fell on the stairs while he was coming polish to the kitchen for another alcoholic beverage. She says that she wasnt home when the incident occurred. She states that she was at a country club that was hosting a party and that when she arrived home (at approx 115 A. M. ) she prime him lying on the stairs dead.However, the crime scene shows many inconsistencies within Queenies Story. Deputy leisure arrived on the scene at around 215 A. M, responding to Volupides 911 call. After viewing he crime scene, Deputy Blank noticed that in Arthurs left hand there was an unbroken deoxyephedrine (presumably what he was drinking alcohol in). This raises many suspicions. If Arthur had tripped and fell follow through the stairs, past the glass shouldnt be in his hand unbrok en but or else somewhere in the vicinity of his body shattered.This is because, usually, when somebody is falling down the stairs they will drop whatever is in their hands to try to entrance a rail or really anything to try to regain balance. Also, the glass was found in his left hand and when somebody is intoxicated, they can barley get let alone attempt to hold a glass in their non-dominant hand. Also, Deputy Blank noticed that Queenie had been cooking something when officers arrived. While she was expecting guests, the body of Arthur was just feet aside from the stove. Most people would have noticed the dead body and called the police right away.Responding officers have theorized that the pan she was cooking in is the murder weapon. Upon further inspection, Blank also realized that Arthur was still in his formal suit when he was killed. When Questioning Queenie about this she says that he was supposed to go to the party with her but in advance she left they had gotten into a fight. That explains why he had gotten into his suit but yet still doesnt explain why he had stayed in his suit. If Arthur had been home for more(prenominal) than ten minutes, then he probably would have taken off at least his shoes, robe, and tie.Suspicious where near confirmed when Arthurs autopsy came back. It did confirm that Arthur had had a high blood alcohol level. It also concluded that he had died from a wound on his head. If Arthur had really fallen down that flight of stairs then there would have been more injuries than that of the wound on this head. Maybe if he had a broken bone or was bruised then Queenies falling down the stairs story might have been believable. Our recommendation is that Queenie Volupides is charged with Arthur Volupides Homicide.

Management Challenges in Criminal Justice Essay

AbstractThe criminal rightness arena is made up of fairness enforcement, solicits, and corrections and is vast as well as it is its hold environment when referencing the leading or commission of special groups. Numerous comp one and only(a)nts inside the criminal nicety realm require team cooperation to be successful. In the natural law enforcement branch make special groups such as Multi-agency gang and drug tasks forces, SWAT (Special Weapons and Tactics), CSI Crime Scene Investigation), and fugitive recovery units made up of accommodating entities of different agencies make up some of the organized teams of the law enforcement side of the criminal arbitrator dodging. Courts are composed of prosecution teams, some of which specialize in specified criminal cases. Corrections are comprised of management that stresses both rehabilitation and incarceration as ordered by the courts. All of these transcriptions are composed of force out trained as basic officers, then were c hosen to be a part of a smaller, elite, and pinpointed organized group. Management in a criminal justice agencies is a challenge all its own, managing smaller groups that carry specified responsibility inwardly an organization carry different set of challenges.The criminal justice remains is an environment that consists of law enforcement, courts, and corrections, though all are different entities, they strive to meet the same goal. The leadinghip within each of these entities has many challenges to face and conquer, one of which is that each has a different protocol when meeting the same goal of serving justice, yet each must(prenominal) accomplish this mission by different means. The challenge is the means by which each of the different branches is tasked to prove and execute their judiciary authority while maintaining a freedom of fiat. Legislation and courts place law enforcement at the forefront of detainment for a crime, which then puts the courts in motion. One challeng e that is faced by management within the criminal justice system lies among the courts and the correctional branches. The challenge between the courts and correctional branches is the court system favors incarceration and thecorrectional system emphasizes rehabilitation back to participation.The common ground between these twain branches is the teamwork between leadershiphip that ensures the mission of each is completed and without out compromise of societies trust in the criminal justice system. Another challenge that management within such a vast system faces is budget shortages. These shortages affect all branches of the criminal justice system as well all levels including local, state, and federal authorities. oer the past several years most states admit a bun in the oven decreased funding as much as 15% as well half the states in the union have either delayed in filling judgeships or not filled them at all, thus forcing judges to sit on eight-fold bench roles, while oth er states were forced to lay off staff or take furlough (Associated Press, 2010). Management within these organizations is expected by society to provide adequate protection though their operating budgets are being decreased. Managers must find a motivation for their employees to complete tasks without incentive or praise while increasing responsibilities due to lack of potential man-power.Challenges such as ethnic environmental changes around the globe also have an result on the criminal justice system both in this country and abroad. These changes brought about situations that the criminal justice system was not prepared for at the top of this vexation is alarmism. The first World Trade Center raised concerns about foreign terrorism in the United States, then domestic terrorism became an issue in 1995 with Timothy McVeighs attack on the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. Larger concerns were raised and changes demanded after September 11, 2001, when the most deadly terro r attack in this country was spawned. The question was raised concerning the country being adequately protected against terror attacks of that magnitude.Confusion within the laws that were created from past terror attacks have led to accusations of innocent persons being part of terror organizations. Confusion arises because of a structure that allows for terrorists to slip through cracks and loopholes within the system (Wilson, 1985). This confusion causes leaders within the law enforcement fellowship to balance the sides of the system that society has lost faith in. These managers would need to address issues, such as stereotyping of Middle Eastern persons and persons of questionablefaiths that society may associate with terror organizations. These leaders would need to encourage fair and unbiased treatment regardless of ethnical differences.A challenge that affects the criminal justice system, preferably the correctional branch, is facility overcrowding. Prison overcrowding is a major problem in this country as the massive bed shortage continues to grow at a rate of s until now percent a year (Daniel Dunne, 2010). Overcrowding in prison houses and jails area a constant issue due to the work of the law enforcement and court branches, in short, doing their jobs of incarceration and sentencing. Since this issue is caused by the other two branches fulfilling their sworn duties, there is no certain method currently available to solve this issue, thus it is for this reason that leaders within the two active branches must take into consideration charges and sentencing of an offender. leading within the correctional branch find overcrowding more challenging during budget crises where programs are cut or dismantled in efforts to save money. Some wardens and other correctional managers have resorted to double or triple bunking of prison cells, some managers find this a violation of the Eighth Amendment to the Constitution as it does reflect cruel and unusual punish ment. As this crisis continues, managers continue to show frustration as courts continue to sentence offenders to institutions with reduced room to house them properly.The challenge mostly less obvious to the public is the political arena that criminal justice management faces. All three branches of the criminal justice system are affected by politics, from the legislation of laws to the employment of leaders within the system. Leaders must have the ability to adapt to both legal and political challenges (Allen & Sawhney, 2010). Most leaders and management of the criminal justices system are stuck in the middle between lobbyists for laws and annexations as well as other issues that benefit small entities of societies or communities but may not favor either as a whole. This political excitement faced by these leaders causes frustration, which leads to another challenge- intercourse to those employed in the system but not in management positions.Communication barriers between managem ent leaders and the hyponym group are commonplace. In any occupation there are two types of communication one from the individuals within the occupation the other is from the organizations within the occupation. Management must overmaster the challenge of communication from individuals interpretation of messages through clarity and explanation and the manner for which it was delivered. All three branches of the criminal justice system have their own terminology, language, and interpretation of messages. The main challenge for leadership is interpretation and standardizing of specified language to keep these messages on an even keel. Communication is among the most fundamental tool in the criminal justice system and each individual organization any failure can have a devastating effect on multiple individuals from the organization to the victim(s). Therefore, communication must be clear and concise with everyone in the criminal justice system with a strategy to overcome lapses.Asi de from the language barriers within the criminal justice system come two of the greatest challenges faced by the criminal justice system go together, as one usually does not occur without the other. Ethnical and cultural diversity issues can have an effect on society but even more so with a system of authority that operates off of communication and laws that may not be adhered to by people from outside of the observing community or country. Since this country is majority multicultural, it is important for the criminal justice system to recognize and respect these cultures as they have contact with them.Because of this demand of recognition and respect, leaders within the criminal justice system must be open minded and go farther than the basic manager, they must become experts of these different ethnicities and teachers of their organized groups, thus educating them to better serving them as they have contact with them. Cultural diversity issues are the main argument in many crimin al justice organizations. The lack of knowledge of groups lead to offense and distrust from groups towards authority, this then leads to hostility, non-compliance, and lack of involvement from communities of different ethnicities. For criminal justice agencies to be successful in a diverse environment, leaders must address religious differences, language differences, and culturaltraditions that may need to be taken into consideration.Lastly, the challenge of morality and ethics is evermore a concern for managing leadership in any organization. Management within the criminal justice system is always under scrutiny in reference to ethics and moral standards. Morals are instilled in individuals throughout life, ethics is taught through an organizations environment. Leaders must find a halcyon medium when these two concerns clash and may cause a compromising situation. This common ground may need to appease both the moral of the organizations personnel as well as the ethical conduct of the organization. Because the criminal justice field is held to standards higher than most of society, ethical conduct must be strict and understood when comparing to morals. Ethics will always be a concern, but superb leadership can stress regard without improvising the system.In conclusion, challenges within the criminal justice systems management and leadership are never ending. Leaders and managers are vicariously held accountable for subordinates actions and must remain diligent with solutions to problems. To maintain proper adherence to policy and procedures, leadership must be diligent in their efforts of education and communication of their subordinate employees as well as receptive to their ideas and solutions to issues that may be a challenge to the system as well. These solutions can be instilled through cultivation and promotion of ideas via strong structured leadership and motivation from within individual organizations in their entirety.ReferencesAllen, Jennifer & Sawhney, Rajeev, (2010) Administration and Management in Criminal justice.Retrieved fromhttp//www.sagepub.com/allen/main.htmDuelin, D. (2010) What are the Challenges Facing Leaders in the Criminal Justice Organizations. Retrieved fromhttp//www.ehow.com/list_6883806_challenges-groups-criminal-justice-organizations.htmlElias, P. (2011) State Budgets Clog Criminal Justice System. Retrieved fromhttp//online.wsj.com/article/AP2911fb9c56e845e98145441192b3a5aa.htmlMarwah, Sharpan. (2002) Report Shows U.S. Prisons Overcrowded. Retrieved fromhttp//www.prisonpolicy.org/news/uwire041502.html

Firms should seek to “get their own house in order” before seeking to manage suppliers Essay

Assignment Title Firms should seek to live on their give birth house in order before seeking to handle suppliers acquire is a vital process of the company, 100% efficiency is required at all times. There must be proper organization and flexibility in this discussion section. People working in this department should constantly evaluate the current purchase scheme of the company and adapt to changes at all times. Purchasing department or team of a company basically seek to answer these two questions what we buy and how we buy.The answers to these two questions do-nothing change depending to companies size and sector. Indeed, by tell these two questions is the main oddment of procurement team or department is to create beaver value for money and to maximize it. It is possible to maximize best value for money by obtaining surplus value. Surplus value is different from the value. Surplus value locates between address of harvestingion for supplier and value of the product to th e buyer. This is called the area zone of agreement.The surplus value which is retained by supplier is called producer surplus and the value which is retained by buyer is called consumer surplus, the procurement team/department aim to maximize consumer surplus. Purchasing process means that demand attention. There are two ways to make purchase decision make-buy or outsourcing. Make-buy is required internal management it is related to the organizational buying carriage. Outsourcing is required external management consist of supplier management.The fundamental issue in purchasing process is to provide efficiency in demand management. Efficiency of purchasing process is related for instance a reduction in the number of suppliers use an automation of the purchasing process, the use of framework agreements, and the development of trusting relationship with suppliers. Providing efficiency contribute to get power. Business life means power games. The grocery is unforgiving for weakness so at first hand, while the firm seeks to puddle its own house in order before seeking to manage the suppliers. It will provide efficiency.In order to get successful purchasing process, firm should manage its demand efficiently and firstly firm should be authoritative to provide this efficiency by establishing in its own house in order in this case firm could get power above its suppliers. take management problems in an organization could appear in different ways (Londsdale, SP&SM, Lecturer notes, Week 3) Maverick buying, atomization of spend, early specification, over-specification, uncalled-for change to specifications, misfortunate demand information, lack of clarity, adverse trainion, inappropriate contracting, poor monitoring leading to moral hazard, unnecessary purchase.These problems occur alone or together. Organizational buying behavior involves a multi-person activity and it is true for 90% of organizational buying. This includes a rattling meticulous process which can even take more than a family to decide and conclude. Todays organizations are aware of the costs involved in making timely, accurate and efficient decisions create more value for money. If firms are to succeed in one facet of its global goal to be known in the market, a strong leadership should be in go downing guide and make it move in a synchronized manner.Most of whom started small in its own right to be able to manage its own people easily, efficiently and most of all, avoid unaccounted costs. For a firm to manage its buying behavior and create a benchmark, it needs to recognize a problem, take on a general need, create or come up with product specifications, make an efficient and able supplier search, make a buying step, select a supplier, make an order-routine specification and conduct a post-purchase performance review. Once this process is harnessed over time the next step to go big to expand.(http//www. smartcompany. com. au/marketing/sales/22378-20111007-marketin g-strategies-organisational-buyer-behaviour. html) To further elaborate Recognize a problem- anticipate and plan for purchase on a routine basis remark a general need extensive, objective cost-benefit analysis Create or come up with product specifications victimisation precise technical description using techniques such as value analysis Make an efficient and able buyer search- extensive search that extends to the search for a supplier Make a buying step business to businessSelect a supplier- made after extensive evaluation of objective information Make an order-routine specification-routine calculation of re-order points as well as time and place of delivery Conduct a post-purchase performance review extensive comparison made and feedback given, concern with quality management at source. All of these elements could still fail with the existence of problems that should be recognized and avoided at first glance namely (Londsdale, SP&SM, Lecturer notes, Week 3) maverick buying, fragmentation of spend, early specification, over-specification, unnecessary change to specifications, poor demand information, lack of clarity, adverse selection, inappropriate contracting, poor monitoring leading to moral hazard, and unnecessary purchase. When fragmentation exceeds its deaf(p) level, means that parts or branches in this situation are unconnected and/or missing and still expected to come up with results the same as what the entire system once did (http//www. ourfurutre. com/real101. htm) the whole is always better in presence as everyone will have a better understanding of separately function.It is also dangerous to note that when there is a whole Picture concept. There is a better understanding as to the fluid interaction and habituation of each part resulting to better result of each task at hand. To cope with organizational fragmentation its important to understand why fragmentation arise in organization what are conflicts between branches or parts. Fragmen tation arises in an organization because of several reasons. First, each department of an organization performs different functions, it follows that these departments have different needs.For instance, engineering department of a company would definitely use different computer from the HR department. These two departments have two different functions by both departments require computers for efficiency but both use special applications, features and specifications of computers to perform well. Legacy method is an old system that firms continue to practice these days. This is the siemens reason why fragmentation arises in organization. Maybe the system works satisfactory so organization sees no reason in changing it.The cost for changing and redesigning system could be costly both time and money compared to the anticipated appreciable benefits of replacing it to a new one. And lastly, difficulties in consolidating efforts in the organization. adult male as we are, we have differen t opinions and our way of thinking is always different to one another. There are organizational factors that make consolidation efforts difficult. Conflicting preferences inside organization arise due to limited rationality. Bounded rationality can also contribute to conflicting preferences for decision makers make decision with limited and frequently unreliable information.Limited time could and human minds limited capacity to evaluate and process information. Powers is exercised at bottom organizations. People in higher position control over resources, rule-making, information and etc. lower ranks needed to comply to show obedience and respect thus result to conflicts. And lastly, each departments employees behave relating to their association for example for manufacture department quality is important, for purchasing department price important. Each department has goals and priorities to fulfill,these can result to conflict as well.Conflicting preferences can be solve through identifying the problem and build organizational alliance to change internal client. Setting a standard and centralize preference within the organization would definitely help resolve this problem. Building alliances would demand purchasing managers to sort out personnel according to their rank. This could help to solve conflicting references in the organization. Furthermore, when fragmentation exceeds its neutral level, two problems that will basically occur in an instant. Inflation of transaction costs which an organization can face to cope with unnecessary suppliers.Organization could lose its leverage over its suppliers and suppliers tend to classify the customers. They tend to work with customers that work closely with their strategic objectives or make a good proportion of their turnover or help to spread their fixed cost but suppliers eliminate customers who dont provide an attractive account or high volume of business. (Lonsdale and Watson, 2005) In a specific example, Rushm ore University Hospital Trust (RUHT) (Lonsdale, SPSM Lectures, baptistery Study) RUHT has fragmented throughout its 9 cipher centres and each budget centre, clinicians could independently purchase.Fragmentation happens most of the time each clinician in each budget centre can purchase commodities with the same specifications but under very different terms. For example, x-ray films purchase price could be differentiated 45% between budget centres. Lack of coordination and supplier opportunism cause inefficiency in RUHT. By understanding the characteristics of each budget centers procurement needs, it could succeed consolidation between budget services.Another conspicuous example is Vodafone (Lonsdale, SPSM Lectures, Case Study). In 2003, Vodafone Global Supply Chain Management Director, Detlef Schultz realized the internal procurement management problem. For instance, Vodafone has lack of information how it spend and it couldnt translate its global size to the benefit. Schultz succ eeds saving Money by putting together 17 disparate purchasing departments into one supply chain management. He introduced pre-agreed prices for frequently bought items. He provided the use e-auction systemcreates category management and developed different strategy for each category and it standardized the judgment way of suppliers so all this efforts to establish efficient procurement management result a great savings in Vodafone. Novartis also achieved cost saving by transforming its procurement strategy. Novartis is operating in seven different divisions and each of operating separately with their own CEO and CPO and it realized that 60 per cent of the overall expenditure is homogenous so Novartis achieved its goal like previous examples by leveraging its scale and by implementing global category management.In purchasing, demand management and procurement department capture power, decrement transaction costs, saving money and using companies scale and technology effectively, so by understanding companies own needs and improving information sources, providing coherence benevolently among brunches and departments and implementing appropriate strategies for each categories by this way company get efficiency in internal demand management and could reach its neutral level of fragmentation in purchasing.So by this way, company could share its value with its suppliers and monitor them in terms of even them pursuing companies values so company get leverage over its suppliers. Finally, providing efficiency in order house provide efficiency in the same time in suppliers management.

Bob chuck close

Bob is a piece of artwork created by chuck close in 1970 in the united states. A synthetic polymer white and subdued house painting on canvas. Let is one of the one of series of eight large black and white portraits that constraining painted between 1967 and 1970. THe subject if this painting is Robert Israel one of the CLoses friend, a new York based opera designer Chuck Close uses a girding technique . THe effect of this technique Is that the artwork almost looks scarcely as the original. He took a photo of Robert and then grid the Image to then copy on the canvas. He uses black planting applied with an allures to lulled up dark inflects.The airbrushing helped to blend two or more colorize on the planting In a seamless way. IT makes softly define edge color in I will be using the formal analytical frame work to analyze the artwork Bob by Chuck Close created In 1970. I will be analyzing the artwork using the elements and principles of design, looking at the techniques he has used to create the artwork, exploring what type of style he has used and each metaphors and symbols he may have used in his artwork. The elements and principles have been applied to this artwork by using elements ND principles like tone, emphasis, contrast, form, texture and focal point.Close uses tone to create a dark shade in his artwork, this helps make the artwork empathisem more realistic. Contrast is a large part of this artwork it shows the realness in the artwork by having the black on white in different parts of the artwork. The texture of the artwork seems smooth we can easily see the smoothness of the skin because of the tone and emphasis of the lines in the artwork. The focal point of the pick up is around his eyes and glasses. The technique that Close uses is a girding technique. The wayClose goes about with his technique is that he will find a photo that he has taken and then will grid the image and then transfer that over to another(prenominal) piece of paper or whatever he chooses to work on. The effect of this technique is that the artwork almost looks exactly the same as the original photo. The artificer was trying to portray a general image of himself. The processes the operative has used to create the artwork are using a camera to capture the image he wants to draw and then excoriation the image to blow it up and draw it. The Influence of Closes work is to make photo realistic artworks.The artwork Is realistic. What the artist has done with his technique Is that he has taken photography to the next step by actually drawing the Image In an exact copy of what he had with the image. The artist hasnt used any symbols or metaphors In this Image, the only symbol that I could figure that would be classed as a symbol would be the circumstance that the artwork Is photo realistic. In the artwork Bob by Chuck Close, we see a range of elements and principles of art, such as tone, emphasis and texture. Due to his grinding technique, It has allow ed him to make his artwork to seem realistic.HIS style of photo realism allows him to use the elements and principles to create this type of artwork. Bob chuck close By karakas Chuck Close uses a girding technique . THe effect of this technique is that the artwork image to then copy on the canvas. He uses black painting applied with an airbus to build up dark tones. The airbrushing helped to blend two or more colors on the painting in a seamless way. IT makes softly define edge colors I will be using the formal analytical frame work to analyze the artwork Bob by Chuck Close created in The influence of Closes work is to make photo realistic artworks.

Abraham Conclusion Essay

While writing the whole play for my group, and doing research, I learned a lot of things virtually Abraham. idol helped Abraham a lot, first with the blessing, then Lot, and even for the birth of Isaac. Most of the time when something bad happens, Abraham doubted theology. deity never zapped him, or kill him, He was patient. At the end, Abraham could non help Isaac find a married woman himself for he is weak and h integrityst-to-goodness, he trusted that God will help him like the management God helped him before. I think faith means to trust God completely, 100%. True faith is shown, when you yourself could not help anymore, only God could. And you trust unto Him a real hard job, being sure that He will be able to do it.See more Beowulf essay essayThis happened when Abraham was too nonagenarian to go look for a wife for Isaac, he had faith that God will find one for him, and God did. What I learned about God while reading about Abraham is that God is very patient. Every time Abraham questions or doubts him, he doesnt get angry. I also learned that God is faithful and true to his word. Every single promise God made came true, though not the way some people expected it. Last of all, I learned that God is omniscience. Though Sarah is very old and beyond the age of child bearing, God was able to make her have her son, the son that was the one to discern the true blessing, Isaac.

Love Defined by the Little Mermaid Essay

What is the ultimate purpose of a exquisiteytale? According to Bruno Bettelheim its purpose is to show children that a struggle against severe difficulties in sprightliness is unavoidable, is an natural part of valet de chambre existence-but that if they do non shy away, but steadfastly meet unexpected and often un unsloped hard transmits, they master either obstacles and at the end emerge victorious(8). Disneys The Little Mermaid fulfills this purpose children mark Ariels struggles and because they identify with her they facial expression as if they struggle and triumph with her (Bettelheim, 9).Ariel is a real likable character, shes witty, beautiful, and children washbasin relate to her. well-nigh of the obstacles and struggles Ariel faces ar things children face in their own lives, for manakin Ariels desire to be independent and entrap herself. Although The Little Mermaid conforms to Brunos formula, it also determinees children other life lessons that may non be hea lthy or appropriate in the long run. In this case the messages sent to children concerning romance and cognise provide children images and behaviors that teach them confessedly love is spontaneous, passionate, for attractive flock only, and is happily ever after.What is a real life definition of love? Love is a multiform and profound concept that bumnot be easily defined. Robert Sternberg informs love by breaking it into three different concepts k instantern as the Triangular Theory of Love (as cited by Miller, 246-50) intimacy, passion and commitment. The Triangular Theory of Love defines intimacy as feelings of warmth, understanding, communication, support, and sharing that often characterize amiable relationships(as cited by Miller, 247).Passion is physical arousal and desireoften taking the form of sexual longing, but sight be both strong emotional hold that is satisfied by ones partner (as cited by Miller, 247). And last but not least commitment is defined as the decis ions to devote oneself to a relationship and work to maintain it(as cited by Miller, 247). When these three concepts argon put together in different combinations you get different types of love, eight to be specific (Miller, 249). The type of love that is shown in The Little Mermaid is infatuation, which is passion with no commitment and no intimacy.Ariel go in love with Eric the very split second she lays eyes on him, she knows nothing about him but believes she loves him. This example of love at first sight teaches children if you are strongly attracted to someone the first duration you construe them that this simple attraction, often times physical attraction signifies love. But what is it about Eric that attracts Ariel to him? Is it his dark hair, perfect smile, his dimples, his be and the fact that he is dancing? Possibly, but what also needs to be taken into account is who he is being compared to.The other men on the ship are either old, fat, scrawny, bald, boyish looking , have odontiasis missing or are dressed badly. Eric is the complete opposite of them. Another aspect to look at this from is what Miller, Perlman, and Brehm refer to as the misattribution of arousal, which is in basic form misplacing or exaggerating our attraction to others (251). They explain that we can be aroused by something positive or negative, not knowing we are aroused by it and past attribute another event or person as the reason for our arousal (251-252).Which is what happens in the movie, just minutes before seeing Eric, Ariel has an argument with her yield. The argument is about her missing the concert and swimming up to the surface. The argument seems one sided because Triton does all the talking and doesnt let Ariel explain herself. She swims off to where she keeps her hookup of human things that she finds on her adventures with Flounder, her animal sidekick. She pay offs to sing about lossing to be human so she can experience lying on the beach, walking on two feet and feeling the warmth from a fire. afterwards she sees a ship passing over and swims to the surface, partly out of rebellion and partly out of curiosity. Her emotions are already aroused before she sees Eric. Furthermore, she has already made up in her mind that she wants to be human Eric just becomes an excuse, the reason why she should become human. Ariel experiences a misplaced attraction Eric makes her emotions make sense. The problem now is Eric has no idea she even exists. On the other side, Eric too experiences a similar form of misattributed arousal. Eric has a conversation with Grimsby about finding a wife.Eric is obviously under a lot of pressure to resolve down but he wants to find the right girl. Not to long after this conversation the ship is struck by lightening. Everyone escapes and makes it on the life- boat, but Eric swims concealment to the ship to save his dog Max. The ship blows up and Eric falls in the water. Ariel indeed saves his life by swimming him safely to shore. This is the very first time Eric sees Ariel, they have no conversation, shes just looking into his face singing. Ariel is startled by Max and goes back in the water.Eric realizes that she is the one and instantly falls in love with her. Now that Eric knows that Ariel exists all she can do is wait for him to come save her from a life under the sea. Marcia Lieberman says that most of the heroinesare merely passive, submissive, and lost(p) (388). And she goes on to say, many of the girls are not merely passive, however they are frequently victims and even martyrs as well(390). Ariel doesnt do anything after saving Erics life. She swims around the castle in lala demesne, daydreaming and fantasizing of her prince.But not only does this show her passiveness, she is also portrayed as a victim. Her father doesnt understand her he wants her to live a life under the sea but refuses to see how unhappy she is with that life. After Triton finds out about Eric he destroys Arie ls collection along with the statue of Eric. Ariel is then left with no other choice but to go behind her fathers back and see Ursula, the sea witch. Ursula offers Ariel the chance of a lifetime, to be with Eric, but it doesnt come without paying a price. Ariel has to give Ursula her voice, go away her to seduce Eric with her beauty.This message tells children that love is based on beauty. Ursula tells Ariel that she has her looks, her pretty face, and not to underestimate the importance of body delivery. Basically telling her that her beauty is her most valuable asset, perhaps her only valuable asset(Lieberman, 385). Thus, indiscreetly telling her to disregard the importance of character, integrity and individuality and to counselling on being beautiful. Ariel is young, has big down in the mouth eyes, red full lips. Long flowing red hair, a perfect body, she is half naked and has fair skin.Compared to all the other characters Ariel has the most sex appeal, and being that childr en relate to her over all the other characters, children want to be like her. But not only does Ariel have sex appeal she has a winsome and friendly personality. She is caring, adventurous, independent, good-tempered, and outgoing. The problem with this image is children, mainly girls may be predisposed to imagine that there is a link between the loveable face and the lovable character, and to fear, if plain themselves, that they will also prove to be unpleasant, thus using the patterns to set up self-fulfilling prophecies(Lieberman, 385).Ursula for example is atrocious, fat, old and has a mean personality. Children may begin to opine that ugly people have ugly personalities and cant have true love, and pretty people have pretty personalities and are the only people who can experience true love. Jillian Cantor and Leta McGaffey needlelike explain it in this way, women are won by sensitive men with chocolates and flowers, men are dazzle with beauty and wit, and life is not comple te without a happy marriage and children.This single, narrowly defined situation leaves many people in the dust with, so it seems, little chance for romance and love. If you dont fit into this story line, you seem to be destined to die alone-and miserable about it. (327). Obviously this is not true to real life, but it is the message being sent to children. In real life relationships, true love is based not only on attraction, but a healthy, stable balance of commitment, trust, care, intimacy, and passion. stunner and romance fade and if that is the only thing sustaining your love, love fades as well.Ariels goal is to get Eric to kiss her. Notice Eric doesnt have to tell her I love you he has to kiss her, which is in itself very sexual. Kissing can lead to many other things, but at the same kissing can just be kissing and nothing more. But this hints that there is some sexual attraction, and sexual need associated with love, and that without a magical kiss love doesnt exist. Eric doesnt know Ariels name until they are in the boat. He is confused over if he loves her or not, if she is the girl who saved him, but he doesnt know the girls name, he knows nothing about her.This portrays men as shallow because he is playing strictly on beauty and not character, at least Ariel knows his name and a little about him, making women seem as if they care more about character than looks. Anyone who has grown up audition or watching fairytales can predict the ending of The Little Mermaid. It has the ideal perfect ending for a love story and fairytale. The girl is saved by her prince charming, the villain is defeated, there is a celebration (usually a wedding) and there is a magical kiss.Eric saves Ariel from Ursula and is in turn rewarded with Ariels hand in marriage. Marriage is the fulcrum and major(ip) event(Lieberman, 386) in this story. It is at the end, but nonetheless the major event. It is when everyone gets what they want. This is where the story ends it shows nothing of the married life. Marcia Lieberman observes that fairytales focus more on the courtship in relationships and not married life, which she says can cause children to develop a deep-seated desire to be courted, since marriage is literally the end of the story(394).Children will begin to think relationships end in happily ever after, when in real life no relationship is perfect, at some point there will be some kind of stress or pattern in the relationship, weather an argument, financial difficulties or infidelity, it will happen. So if these are the messages being sent to children with The Little Mermaid, isnt it setting them up for disappointment and failure? If children believe this is the way things should be, they will explore out those things and when they are faced with true love in real life they wont name it.Or if children feel unattractive or unworthy they may not accept love when inclined to them because they have been conditioned to believe love is only for p retty people, not average or ugly people. This outlook on love isnt healthy for children, or anyone for that matter. Bettelheim would argue that a more complex plot would confuse children, but I believe this oversimplification confuses children even more. Yes love is hard to explain to children because love doesnt happen the same for everyone, but should children be focusing on love at such a young age?If the ultimate purpose of a fairytale is to show children they can overcome lifes obstacles, why not present them with obstacles they are facing at the moment? Like the struggle of establishing themselves as individuals by defining who they are. Those lessons are the lessons that should be taught through any fairytale, not lessons telling children that love is spontaneous, passionate, for attractive people and happily ever after. Works Cited Bettelheim, Bruno. The Uses of Enchantment.

Honda Cars

Honda Cars uses in its manufacturing, the state of the artwork facilities that set standards in the military personnel market (specifically in automotive industry). The fraternity utilized a star(p) edge painting facility, occupies a full dip paint system based on CED (Cationic Electro Deposition) bath, to indorsement faultless coating, accurate adhesion and anti-corrosion. The cars produce mainly by Honda also guarantees customers satisfaction.Honda employs exact measures to produce quality cars throughout the international market. The produced (cars) are subjected to strict inspection and foot raceing. The association tests the proceedss at vehicle Quality section to minimize fellowship defects and ensure that cars performed at its crest. Upon release to the dealers, the company determines the products (head and toe, wheel) alignment at the companys G-SWAT and headlight tester. The company tests the running performance (optimum speed), clutch, breaks, and shifting levels at Brake belt along Tester. Other tests consist of Water Leak Tests, Side Slip Test, Visual Inspection and Simulation Test. This test evaluates the performance of the products at different road condition.Sales / DistributionHonda Cars is mainly based in Japan and its branches are overspread in the world market. The company in its home country produces quality and good price to Japan. oer the years, through its success, the company maintained a sole proprietor / producer of Honda cars. The company does not heart other automobile companies to expand their production. The company maintained its own stlye and makes an icon in the international market. In the recent years (2000-2007, Honda cars was hammered by other big automobile companies in the world market. The companys introduction of their products in Europe was thrashed by American and European-based car companies. But, the company is still in the line of making and produce cars in the international market.General MotorsGenera l Motors / GM was known with its production of unique interiors and bodylines. The companys goal was, To provide the finest vehicles possible to every customer in every market well-nigh the human beings. General Motors Corporation is the worlds largest producer / seller of cars in the world market. Based in U.S.A., the company is present in 33 countries with an employment rate about 284, 000 people around the globe. In 2006, General Motors produced Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Saab, Saturn and Vauxhall, Buick, Cadillac, Holden, HUMMER, Opel, and Pontiac.The companys biggest sales in its home country (U.S.A.), proceeds by United Kingdom, Canada, China and Germany. The company made a strategy to expand its production in the world market through Minority Dealer Development. It is bilingual in nature both the dealers and the company clear (hefty advantage to the company). It is directed through different companies and directs in human resources (training) and dealership.Today, the Gener al Motors had access throughout the globe from country to country, cities from cities, overcoming production of sole proprietors of cars. The company sweeps away competition among other car companies and still leaders the automobile industry.Sales / DistributionThe company focuses in partnership to other car companies around the globe and developed hard relationships to its customers. General Motors is the leading / major stockholder of GM Daewoo Auto and Technology Co. of South Korea and collaborates with Suzuki Motor Corp. and Isuzu Motors Ltd. of Japan. In addition, the company engaged in research and technology advancement with BMW AG (Germany), DaimlerChrysler AG and Toyota Motor Corp. (Japan). Also, the company gambles investing Renault SA of France, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corp. of China, Toyota, AVTOVAZ of Russia and Suzuki.GM Powertain under General Motors put for sale GM engines and transmissions. part and Accessories are retailed via GM Service and Parts Operation s under Gm Performance Parts, ACDelco, and GM pricy wrench. This supplies GM dealerships and distributors worldwide.Salesperson ProfileSalesperson assist customers to acquire what they need and attempt to make them interested in buying your product / merchandise. Retail salespersons are highly in demand and competitions in this job are high. Employers do cull college graduate in sales college graduate people take an advantage over high condition graduates.In laymans term, a good salesperson needs to have skills in communication. He / She do not only require good education but also needs to be industrious, originative and with giving in chatting with common people (buyers). His / Her talent in making people believe in his / her products will definitely make him / her best in selling products / produced goods. Employers would definitely choose salesperson with talent rather than a common salesperson.Work CitedHonda The Power of Dreams (2007). URLhttp//www.hondaphil.com/ourcompany .php?id=2. Retrieved September 14, 2007.Mckay, Dawn Rosenberg. Retail Salesperson Career knowledge (2007). URL https//www.thebalance.com/retail-salesperson-526064. Retrieved September 14, 2007.

Selecting, Developing, Managing and Retaining Knowledge Workers

Do HR departments have the right strategies to select, develop, manage and bear noesis workers? As Peter Drucker recently quoted, the new knowledge economy allow for rely heavily on knowledge workers who are non, as a rule, much better paid than traditional skilled workers simply withal see themselves as professionals. Knowledge technologists are likely to become the dominant social and perhaps, political crusade over the next decades. Thus, it is very important to have the right strategies in place to select, develop, manage and forbear knowledge workers.But before we proceed to analyze if HR departments do have these strategies, we need to construe what the term knowledge workers means. A knowledge worker is one who works primarily with information or one who develops and uses knowledge in the workplace. In a knowledge-driven economy, a knowledge worker is oriented to a greater extent towards research, analysis and manipulation of the symbols, as in information, kind of than the mechanical tools.These individuals have domain knowledge expertness and may include broadly architects, finance experts, graphic designers, fashion designers, pharmaceutical scientists, researchers, teachers, and policy analysts, to name but a few. In order to focus on strategically critical knowledge workers, it is necessary to ply beyond merely creating a supportive culture or a best place to work. hand innovators understand their worth. These workers are independent and entrepreneurial, for instance like the originators of eBay, Google and Facebook.To keep much(prenominal) people, it is necessary to make them sprightliness like they are building their own businesses within the larger organization. This shadow be achieved partly by recognizing their status as thought leaders but it is also important to give them a impale in the new lines of business they develop. The bottom line is that organizations need to view key talent as partners, rather than as employees or r esources. The balance of power has shifted such that highly skilled innovators need to be seen as partners or they are gone.In the past, humane resources, training, and labor relations managers and specialists performed the administrative function of an organization, such as handling employee benefits questions or recruiting, interviewing, and hiring new module in accordance with policies established by assoil management. Their task was to attract, motivate, and retain the most qualified employees and match them to jobs for which they are best suited.Today the role of human resources workers is more than just managing these tasks, but, increasingly, that of strategic planning in consultation with top executives. They have moved from sub-rosa rung work to leading the caller-up in suggesting and changing policies. Many organizations claim to have a dedication to developing their employees and phrases such as our people are our most valuable assets are a lot spotted on motivatio nal posters in companies. In my opinion, however, very few companies embrace a organise approach to training and computer storage programmes.HR departments may claim to have some(prenominal) strategies to select, develop, manage and retain employees, but what is important is that the psychological contract, which is vital to building and sustaining a win-win relationship, needs to be reinforced. Research shows that several well-intended training and development initiatives fail to deliver the desired results. In fact, during economic slowdowns the budget which is often the prototypic to be cut back on is the training budget.Adopting a structured approach to employee training and store requires a change in mindset at the very top-level of the organization. The entire issue of staff retention needs to be treated in a strategic way and this is where most organizations lack. The first flavor in the development of an employee retention outline is identifying the pinch points for t he organization, the areas where the company regularly suffers from a high staff turnover and the particular concerns and problems of the targeted staff groups.It is also important to have a clear understanding of the expectations and aspirations of your employees sole(prenominal) then can you develop the strategies needed to meet some of these aspirations and begin to develop a workplace that is a great place to work and employees who see the company as a good company to work for. A good retention strategy should address issues such as support in the workplace, progression, opportunities for development, remuneration, working time, and flexible working. The focus should be on retaining existing talent and keeping the available organizational knowledge intact rather than searching for new talents.The key to success will be the integrating of training and development within the retention strategy. Training and development provides the means of supporting staff to unravel effecti vely and enabling staff to access the opportunities provided by the retention strategy. Levels of remuneration and flexible working will signal the right environment but it is through using training and development as a mechanism to demonstrate investment in employees on an on-going basis that will turn an organizational commitment into a reality.The techniques and processes that help new hires learn quickly are also the techniques and processes that help retain organizational knowledge. Knowledge sharing techniques such as communities of practice, mentoring, lunch and learn sessions, business process maps, expertise directories of staff are just as useful for retaining organizational knowledge as they are for fast acquisition by new employees. A good knowledge sharing technique should address questions such as What does it offer me? What does it offer us? What does it offer to the organization? Once these techniques fill the personal and group study needs of staff, they will al so evolve to sharing strategic information. Techniques such as communities of practice can be HRs role in strategic information management for the organization. The success of an organization in its strategy will be judged ultimately by its success in engaging individuals in development activities, not in simply having them available. The key to success will be how relevant and appropriate the development application is and how accessible it is to employees.It requires talent to retain talent. The successful employer of the future will be a keen contention in the skills market. They will compete for the best recruits but not in terms of purely monetary rewards but by offering them the best working experience, one that offers security as well as progression and personal growth. They will focus on retaining the available organizational knowledge and harnessing it to the maximum rather than on hunting for new talents.

Discuss the Means by Which Gastronomy

Principles of Gastronomy Topic Discuss the means by which gastronomy croup be mute as a touristry product. Introduction The emergence of gastronomic touristry is observed when a number of tourism organizations have incorporated gastronomy gastronomic elements into tourism as part of an marketing strategy, well-favoured rise to the gastronomic tourism. (Hjalager and Richards, 2000). In first dwelling, the essay is going to explain the respective concepts of gastronomy and tourism, following by description of gastronomic tourism with reference to the typology suggested by Hjalager AM (2002).Typical examples of tourism products with gastronomy focus range from solid victuals events, cooking class and workshops fare fairs f feasturing local anesthetic anaesthetic products, visits to markets and producers, museums to souvenirs. In the later session there will be explanation on how gastronomy is understood as a tourism product, by fulfilling different needs of tourists. tour istry and tourists motivation In a simple context, tourism refers to traveling and visiting new destinations international from their usual dumbfound of residence.By definition, tourism product includes the total tourist begin that meet its expectations, including experience with housing, natural and cultural attractions, entertainment, transportation, catering. Tourists undertake for travelling experience that fulfills their motivations. According to Fields (2002) and McIntosh RW, Goeldner CR & Ritchie, J. R. (1995) , , tourists motivation for traveling stooge be reason into physical motivators, which include thrill seeking, escape from routine , sensory seeking, health concern.Also, there ar cultural motivators, interpersonal motivators and precondition and prestige motivators. Gastronomy as a tourism product The study of gastronomy was first undertaken by Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin (1994). The word gastronomy is derived from Greek word gastros, meaning stomach, and gn omos, kip downledge or law. According to Kivela J & Crotts JC, gastronomy is understood as the study of the relationship between food and culture. This includes the tasting, preparing, experiencing, experimenting and researching, disc everywhereing , run acrossing and even writing just about food and booze .Embodying the idea of art of living, gastronomy has become an indispensable element in order to get to know the culture and lifestyle of a territory. Being regarded as a new trend in tourism, gastronomy can be understood as a tourism product by the means that it fulfill some(prenominal) tourists values and expectations seeking knowledge and appreciation in food and drink, understanding the culture and heritage of a place, searching for healthy lifestyle, experiencing authenticity or enjoying retr feasts from urban lifestyle, seeking for prestige and status, and lastly pursuing sustainability.Moreover, ready onward motions by marketers contribute to the understanding of ga stronomy as a tourism product. The following sessions will explain the concepts in details. Gastronomy enhancing knowledge and appreciation of food and beverage A systema skeletaleal dining experience in foreign countries is an example of gastronomy tourism product. Apart from the atmosphere and leisure experience enjoyed, formal meal experience provides tourists with the luck to learn local culture, such(prenominal) as exploring table manners and gain knowledge about local food.In particular, the differences in use of ingredients and methods of preparing, cooking, and preserving food between countries can be considered as authentic or traditionalistic culture (Fields 2002). Therefore, displaying authentic, and local cultures is a way that gastronomy can be understood as a tourism product. Cooking classes in famous culinary destinations is another way in which tourists can explore deeper about the gastronomic human. Vacationing and cooking classes is increasing in popularity be cause tourists can learn to cook amazing food sooner of merely tasting good food.Classic culinary destination includes Burgundy and Loire Valley in France . Furthermore, Biltmore culinary honorary society (2012) , at the Biltmore Hotel is a recreationalcooking School that has a dedicated learning area and fully equipped professional kitchen offering a variety of classes, workshops, team-building events. Special foreign cooking techniques can be acquired through the learning process. Such tourism experience is far reaching and bringing long perdurable benefits to travellers. Understanding culture and heritage by gastronomic tourism product Fields 2002) pointed out that local food and beverages can be included amongst cultural motivators because when tourists are experiencing new local cuisines, they are withal experiencing a new culture. Tasting local food can be one of the ways to understand and experience local culture. According Leigh (2000), there is a strong relationship be tween types of food consumed and trustworthy locations. Types of food consumed varies among different locations . For example . it is normal for French to eat eat frogs and snails, horse in their meals Arabs eat camel meat and drink camel milk while?Australian eat Kangaroo and Emu. Different places have very typical food cultures. Such differences serve as uniqueness of each location and provide reasons for tourists to travel away from home. Moreover, regional gastronomic routes contribute to the understanding of local culture and enhance of plain knowledge (Munster 1994). In Benelux, there are seasonal routes that reflect links between agricultural cycles and local food drudgery such as asparagus route, a mussel route, a hops route and a gin route.Seasonality of these routes coincides with the main tourist season to cater their needs. As these routes showcase specific products of a particular location in particular season, gastronomy can be understood as tourism product by its relevance to agricultural knowledge. Gastronomy in searching for healthy lifestyle as a tourism product Gastronomy can be understood as a tourism product through the emphasis on health concerns (Richards G, 2002). Tourists from the true countries are increasingly cautious about their health.For example, some health farms offer food products which have affirmatory impacts on health and physical condition The Mediterranean victuals in Greece and Italy, or the Atlantic Diet in Portugal also emphasizes the health benefits of their food. Western tourists who are burdened by obesity or naughty cholesterol level are particularly attracted to pay a visit. Gastronomy can therefore be a tourism product by fulfilling tourists physical needs of improving health conditions.Experiencing authenticity or enjoying retreats from urban lifestyle In working farms, tourists can get a touch with simple and unsophisticated kid food and beverage that is prepared with care and respect to tradition. Th e authentic experience is particularly treasurable for tourists who seek for retreats from tourists floater with extravagant decor and service. In a vineyard, tourists can participate in harvesting of grapes and fruits. These experience change tourists, who are mainly city dwellers to try something new and enrich their personal experience.Gastronomy can be understood as a tourism product by allowing city dwellers to visit farmers market. Visitors can obtain body politic experience outside city and gain knowledge outside school textbooks. For example, interactive farm experiences offered in Collingwood Childrens Farm (2012) include fun activities such as bottle-feeding lambs, milking the cow. Trained staff will learn visitors how to approach and handle farm animals correctly. The Farmers market also brings about real and fresh produce from over 70 farmers in the region.Products such as seasonal fruit, regional olive oil, smoked meat & fish, workman cheeses, home made condiments, and artisan cheeses are examples. A wine tour experience in the reposeful suburb is also popular gastronomic tourist activity. drink tours typically include session of wine tasting, with adorable cheese or chocolate. Visitors can also walk through a heritage hang back from the picturesque vineyards to the historic settlement tourists can also meet the winemaker who will share their experience in winemaking process, and have a gourmet lunch experience paired with high feature wines ( Wyndham Estate 2012 ) .Gastronomy as a tourism product to express prestige and status One of the motivators for tourism is seeking of status and prestige. Gastronomy can be understood as a tourism product as it fulfills requirement in this aspect. According to Fields (2002) , eating nice food in a prodigality place or attending special occasions can be regarded as a means to be distinguished from others. Moreover, tourist can express their prestige by tasting unique local food.Reynolds (2002) furth er pointed out that eating food in a nice restaurant and being seen to eat there can be considered as a tool of drawing status distinctions. Gastronomy in form of souvenirs can also be tourism product that fulfills ones motivation of seeking prestige. Distinctive food and beverage products that is not available at home place are popular among tourist. Examples are authentic ingredients, source glassware, porcelain, cutlery, and kitchen gadgets souvenirs, which can highlight the local culture of a place.Souvenirs can serve as a status symbol that allows tourists to share their prestigious and unique memories with family and friends. Large-scale events such as food and wine festivals are the most popular tourism product in gastronomy context. For example, the Food Network southward Beach Wine & Food Festival presented by FOOD & WINE is a national, star-studded, four-day destination annual event showcasing the talents of the worlds most renowned wine and spirits producers, chefs and c ulinary personalities (SOBEFEST 2012).Tourists can have a see to meet the culinary celebrities such as Bobby Flay, Emeril Lagasse, Rachel Ray and so on. Events such as tribute dinner party are rare opportunity for tourists to have a touch with featured dishes of some of the worlds most renowned chefs. Moreover, smartest designer cafes and restaurants that serve innovative menus and offer equally chic service are equally attractive to tourists who enjoy indulging themselves in trendy foods and wines. The Fat Duck restaurant in England is an excellent example.The restaurant is known for its menu of unusual dishes, created following the principles of molecular gastronomy including egg and bacon ice cream. specious food and wine styles and cuisines with the extravagant uses of ingredients often form a part of their image and prestige Gastronomy as a tourism product by achieving sustainability With the emphasis on achieving sustainability, gastronomy can be understood as tourism produc ts that boost the economies and reputation of a destination.For instance, as supported by FEHGRA, a gastronomic tie-in in Argentina, a great diversity of high-end culinary offerings can be found throughout the republic that use creative regional ingredients of the highest ancestral grains and tubers in the north and meat and dairy in the center. By using local ingredients, the place of origin and production of each ingredient are respected instead of travelling ingredients from a long way. Tourists destinations are also given a boost through their cuisine, as people travel to consume these excellent foods searching for balanced and healthy dishes with least possible wastage in heir preparation. * Marketing promotions to merge gastronomy with tourism product Apart from linking gastronomic experiences to tourist needs, active promotion and marketing strategies of tourism organizations is equally important. With more promotions tactics, gastronomy is much easier to be understood as a tourism product. According to the realness Tourism cheek (2012), common marketing techniques used are organized events , and soft touch brochures or websites. A sound illustration will be the Prove Portugal programme (2010) held in Portugal. It aims to turn over the national brand through the recognition of Portuguese cuisine.A website dedicated to Portuguese food and wine is open along with other communication tactics to further promote International culinary tours, books, training in the Schools of Hospitality and Tourism, and the fundamentals of Portuguese regional cuisine and chefs. Great efforts are put to make the place a strong- branded culinary destination for tourists. Conclusion In a nutshell, the rocketed development of gastronomy tourism proves that food is no longer a basic necessities for human, but a cultural element that associated with leisure and relaxation.Gastronomy can be understood as a tourism product in many ways such as food events, cooking class and w orkshops food fairs featuring local products, visits to markets and producers, museums to souvenirs. Its vital role in tourism is further enhanced through the promotions and marketing efforts by tourism organizations. By fulfilling different motivations of tourists, namely in physical, cultural, experimental and prestigious level, gastronomy is understood as a tourism product. Reference 1) Brillat JA ,1994). The physiology of taste (A. Drayton, Trans. ).Harmondsworth, UK Penguin 2) Chaney, Stephen Ryan, Chris Analyzing the evolution of Singapores World Gourmet Summit An example of gastronomic tourism International Journal of Hospitality Management , heap 31 ,no 2 3) Collingwood Childrens Farm, http//www. farm. org. au/ 4) FEHGRA http//www. fehgra. org. ar/ 5) Fields, K. (2002) Demand for the gastronomy tourism product Motivational factors. In A. Hjalager and G. Richards (eds. ), Tourism and Gastronomy (pp. 3750). London Routledge. 6) G Richards, AM Hjalager, G Richards 2002 Greg R ichards,Gastronomy an essential ingredient in tourism production and consumption, Tourism and gastronomy, 2002 London and New York 7) Hjalager, A. -M. (2002). A typology of gastronomy tourism. In A. -M. Hjalager G. Richards (Eds. ), Tourism and gastronomy (pp. 21-35). London Routledge. 8) Jaksa Kivela and John C. Crotts 2006 Tourism and Gastronomy Gastronomys Influence on How Tourists Experience a Destination Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 30 354 9) L James Leigh 2000, Implications of Universal and Parochial Behavior for Intercultural Communication, Journal of Intercultural Communication, No 4 10) Long, L.M. (Ed. ). (2004). Culinary tourism. Lexington University call of Kentucky. Mennel, S. , Murcott, A. , & van Otterloo, A. H. (1992). The sociology of food Eating, diet and culture. London Sage. 11) McIntosh RW, Goeldner CR & Ritchie, J. R. (1995). Tourism principles, Practices, philosophies, (7th ed. ), New York Wiley. 12) Reynolds, G. (2002). Gastronomy An essential i ngredient in tourism production and consumption? , In A. Hjalager & G. Richards (eds. ), Tourism and Gastronomy (pp. 320). London Routledge. 3) The Food Network South Beach Wine & Food Festival 14) Stephen L. J. Smith ,1994 ,The tourism product, Annals of Tourism ResearchVolume 21, Issue 3, Pages 582595 15) The Biltmore Culinary Academy 16) Wolf, E. (2002). Culinary tourism A tasty economic proposition. Retrieved July 12, 17) 2004, from http//www. culinarytourism. org 18) Wyndham Estate 2012 19) World Tourism Organization (2012), Global Report on Food Tourism, UNWTO, Madrid